Effect of different levels of processed soybean meal on PRSS1 gene expression in broiler chicks

Abstract

Introduction: The presence of a protein source with a high content of amino acids is very important in poultry nutrition. This experiment was performed to investigate the effect of two levels of processed soybean meal on PRSS1 gene expression in the broiler chickens.
Materials & Methods: For this purpose, the effect of cooking and extruding on the quality of soybean meals was investigated in the first experiment. Samples were prepared from a uniform shipment and different heat treatments were performed using a cooking pot.

Results: Based on the results of the first experiment, soybean meals processed at 90 ° C showed a better characteristic and were selected for in vivo experiment (Second experiment). A total of 560 Ross 308 broiler chickens were randomly divided into 7 different groups. The first group considered as control (C) which received a basal diet containing corn and a common soybean meal. The groups S1, G1, and F1 received diets containing 2.5% of processed soybean meal in the initial, growth, and the entire experimental period respectively. Groups S2, G2, and F2 received diets containing 5% of processed soybean meal in the initial, growth, and the entire experimental period, respectively. In order to evaluate the gene expression, the chicks were slaughtered and the pancreatic sample of each chick was isolated and sent to the laboratory to evaluate the trypsin gene expression. Gene expression was evaluated according to the company recommendations. The results of this experiment showed that processed soybean meal increased the expression of PRSS1 gene compared to the control group (p<0.05). Moreover, the expression level of the PRSS1 gene in groups F2 and G2 was higher than control (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, cooking and extruding of soybean meal at 90˚C, had a significant effect on decreasing the inhibitory content of trypsin. This may lead to reduce the content of this inhibitor to less than the poultries desired level.