Vertical Tower Hydroponic System for Red Creole Onion (Allium cepa) Production Under Greenhouse Conditions

Abstract

Agricultural production in the Philippines faces increasing challenges due to land scarcity, climate variability, and pest infestation, particularly in high-value crops such as onion (Allium cepa). This study evaluates the growth performance, yield, and cost-effectiveness of Red Creole onion cultivated using a vertical tower hydroponic system under greenhouse conditions. A total of 100 onion plants were grown in a controlled environment using nutrient-based recirculating systems integrated into vertical towers. Growth parameters including plant height, number of leaves, root length, bulb diameter, and yield were monitored. Results showed that vertical tower systems supported consistent vegetative growth, efficient space utilization, and satisfactory bulb development. The system demonstrated potential as a sustainable alternative to conventional farming, particularly in urban and land-limited environments. The findings highlight the viability of tower hydroponics in enhancing onion productivity and contributing to food security in the Philippines.